Learn more. Chromosomes in eukaryotic cells are linear in shape. In biology, parts of the DNA double helix that need to separate easily, such as the TATAAT Pribnow box in some promoters, tend to have a high AT content, making the strands easier to pull apart. • two sugar-phosphate backbones held together by hydrogen bonds between base pairs. DNA Sequencing Definition. Determining the sequence can help scientists compare DNA between organisms, which can help show how the organisms are related. DNA definition: 1. deoxyribonucleic acid: the chemical, present at the centre of the cells of living things, that…. In the laboratory, the strength of this interaction can be measured by finding the temperature necessary to break half of the hydrogen bonds, their melting temperature (also called T m value). DNA was first isolated and identified by Swiss biologist Friedrich Meischer in 1869. DNA sequencing is the process of determining the sequence of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.Every organism’s DNA consists of a unique sequence of nucleotides. DNA replication process uses DNA polymerase as the main enzyme for catalyzing the joining of deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates (dNTPs) forming a growing chain of DNA. There are DNA polymerases and RNA polymerases. The DNA is stored as chromosomes inside of the chromosomes. DNA polymerases are those that are involved in template-directed synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates. Activities Take a ten question quiz about this page. Other proteins are also involved for initiation of the process and copying of DNA, along with proofreading capabilities to ensure the replication process takes place accurately. DNA is necessary for the production of proteins, the regulation, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell. • specific base pairing. This complex on DNA wrapped around a histone is called a nucleosome. DNA Definition Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a biological macromolecule that carries hereditary information in many organisms. DNA Replication DNA replication is the first step in both mitosis and meiosis. A Level: Biology. Definition noun, plural: DNA polymerases (molecular biology) An enzyme assisting in DNA replication Supplement Polymerases are enzymes that assist in synthesizing long chains of nucleic acids. DNA synonyms, DNA pronunciation, DNA translation, English dictionary definition of DNA. In order to tightly coil the DNA to fit in the nucleus as chromosomes, the DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones. More Biology Subjects. Structure of DNA The double-helix structure of DNA, enabling it to act as a stable information-carrying molecule, in terms of • the components of DNA nucleotides: deoxyribose, phosphate and the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. DNAin Eukaryotic DNA.